雅思写作流程图的原则

流程图的写作精髓在于“3w1h(when，what，where，how)+被动+从句”的灵活应用，只要熟记这个原则，在实战中打败雅思写作流程图这个纸老虎可谓事半功倍。下面就来说说雅思写作流程图的原则，大家千万别错过。

雅思写作流程图的原则

第一幅图的“3w1h”：

When：首先(In thefirst/initial/original step; First of all = Firstly = initially = originally)

What：要使用的主要材料是温水和糖(warmwater, sugar)

Where: 盛有酵母的容器(yeast这个单词很多烤鸭可能不认识，抄之即可)

How: 把材料放入容器以达成发酵的目的(to activate yeast)

考虑“被动+从句”，整幅图可以写作如下：

In the first step,warm water and sugar, which are the chief materials of bread making, are addedinto a container where yeast exists for the purpose to activate it. 这样的一句话既有被动句…are added into…,又兼顾了定语从句which和状语从句where的使用。

第二幅图的“3w1h”：

When：其次(In the second/following/subsequent stage; Then = Next = After that =Afterwards)

What: 第一次的混合物和更多的水(first mixture, more water)

Where: 一个放有面粉和盐的盆里(flour, salt)

How: 把这些材料都放入盆里以形成生面团(= dough)

考虑“被动+从句”，整幅图可以写作如下：

In the subsequentstage, a pot with flour and salt, in which the dough is formed at this point,is filled with the first mixture that comes from the former procedure and morewater, in order to make a homogeneous blend.

同样地，之后的几幅图可以用“3w1h(when，what，where，how)+被动+从句”原则分别写为：

After that, thedough has to be kneaded by hands for about ten minutes, thereby becoming smoothand shiny, which is followed by stage four. In this phase, it is left in a bowland kept in a warm place where the dough will rise itself within one to threehours. It is then punched down by fist, aiming to release air; meanwhile, thedough is kneaded again for a few minutes for the coming baking process, whereit is shaped into loaves and left to rise a second time for about one hour.When it is ready for bake, the oven needs to be set at 200 degree Celsius and thenewly baked breads will be served in ten to fifteen minutes, finally.

通过以上的分析，同学们应该不难发现，流程图得分的关键在于找出每幅图的when (时间)，what(材料)，where(地方)，how(方法和目的)，之后灵活地用“被动+从句”的形式予以表达。

雅思写作流程图的注意须知

第一，雅思写作流程图要用好表示顺序的连接词

既然是流程图，就不可避免的要说明过程的各个步骤和先后顺序，在这里，大家要注意几个词。例如，表示过程我们通常用“process”或“procedure”，过程的各个阶段和步骤我们可以用“stage”或“step”来描述。在谈到第一个步骤时我们可以用连接词“In the first place”、“To begin with”、“In the first stage”等引出。在进入中间的步骤时可以用“Then”、“Next”、“After this/that”等，最后一个步骤可以用“Finally”或“Lastly”。当然，如果有一些平行的步骤我们也可以用“At the same time”、“Meanwhile”等来引出。

以上这些词如果在雅思写作中用的太频繁也会使文章显得较为单调，我们可以使用从句的方法使各个步骤的描写自然地衔接在一句话中。例如之前考到的一次流程图(glass bottle recycling)有一句话就可以这样写：

When the cleaning is done, the bottles are conveyed to a glass factory where they are cut into glass pieces which are then poured into a furnace.

上面的句子用了when/where/which三个连词，就把玻璃瓶回收的三个步骤”cleaning- cutting –heating巧妙地连接在了一起。

第二，雅思写作流程图要学会使用被动语态

雅思写作流程图写好的第二个关键是被动语态的使用。流程图表现的是客观的工作流程或事物发展的过程。因此，我们可以尽量避免用“We should/must/need to do sth.”的主动语态，改为“Sth. Should/must/needs to be done”这样的被动语态。被动语态和情态动词的恰当搭配，可以使文章显得更具有客观、和学术化色彩。前面玻璃瓶回收的例句中，不论是从句还是分句都使用了被动语态。在比如下面的一道流程图(cement production)，其中有两句话可以这样写：

The production of cement starts in a mixer, where limestone gravel and sand are converted into a mixture, which is then fed into a crusher. Here the mixture is ground into cement powder, and then is passed through a rotating heater.

上文中用到了convert、feed、grind、pass这四个动词的过去分词构造了被动语态，使过程的描写显得非常专业。

第三，雅思写作流程图引言段和结尾段的重要性

在雅思写作流程图的引言段和结尾段写作中可以适当进行过程的阶段划分和总结，使文章的构思上一个层次，摆脱“流水账”的俗套。例如还是1月14日流程图，引言段可以这样写：

This diagram illustrates the recycling process of glass bottles. The whole process is a cycle which can be divided into three main stages.

再来看一道新东方的模拟题，是关于植物的光合作用和人类的呼吸过程，在最后，可以这样总结：

In summary, plants, humans and animals provide services for each other. Humans and animals need the oxygen that plants produce in order to stay alive. When humans and animals breathe out, they provide the carbon dioxide that plants need in order to survive.

这样就把两方面的过程完美地结合在了一起。

第四，雅思写作流程图要善于“绕开”专业的概念表达

在流程图中，有时不可避免的会出现一些比较专业的概念，考场上一时想不出对应的英文，这时候要善于利用已知的简单词汇，试着把这些“专业”的概念用简单的方式表达出来。例如，不知道怎样表达“房间通风”(ventilation)这个概念，我们可以说“air moving through the house”来说明，不知道怎样说“斧头”和“锯子”(axe and saw)我们就用“special tools”来绕过，虽然不是描述得很精确，但总比不写或写错了要好。

雅思写作流程图常用句型

1.描述过程，流程常用句子

the following diagraph shows the structure of……

the picture illustrates……

it mainly consists of……

it works as follows.

it always involves following steps.

the whole procedure can be divided into…stages.

2.描述流程，过程的常用过渡性词语

firstly

secondly

thirdly/finally

the first step is to

the next step is to

the last step is to

the first stage involves

in the next stage

in the following stage

in the last stage

first of all

to begin with

next

then

later

at the same time

simultaneously

subsequently

consequently

before this

during

after this

in the course of

in order to/in order not to

in order that

so as to/so as not to