怎样写好雅思大作文开头

来源：合肥环球雅思

2021-03-05 16:43:31|已浏览：158次

相对于雅思阅读和听力，雅思写作的高分更难拿一些。因为雅思写作是客观项,所以更难把握。今天小编主要给大家分享怎样写好雅思大作文开头，希望对你们有帮助!

怎样写好雅思大作文开头

怎样写好雅思大作文开头

在雅思写作中，一个好的开头段不仅抓住读者的注意力，引起阅读兴趣，亦要点明中心论点，统领全文，其重要性可见一斑。在雅思大作文的写作中，开头段一般由general statement，argument， thesis statement两部分构成。

1General Statement

General Statement的主要作用是介绍写作背景，引入话题。

但是值得注意的是：不能照抄题目，应用同义词、近义词替换题目中的相关词语，

并用不同的句子结构来改写题目中的句子结构。例如：

Example 1:

It is widely believed that mothers are by nature better parents than fathers. It is therefore more important for mothers to spend time with children than fathers. Others think fathers make equally good parents. What is your opinion?

在这个题目中，首先我们可以看到题干表述用了三个句子，首先我们要区分哪句是general statement，哪句是arguments. 其实很容易发现，通常句中间有明显阐述观点表达的，就是arguments, 而做客观陈述的就是general statement，其位置一般是题目的第一句。上题中 It is widely believed that mothers are by nature better parents than fathers，就是我们要拿来做同义改写，放到我们开头段作为背景的句子。同义改写可以采取以下技巧：

1 同义句型转换。

如 It is widely believed that… 这个句套表达某事情是众所周的，它有很多同义句型，如 It is generally assumed that…, Common knowledge is that…, 等。

2 同义词，近义词，同义结构转换。

如by nature 这个介词词组表达的含义是，自然天性上的，在原句中作为be动词的表语，我们可以改写为一个同义名词词组，nurturing instinct，自然天性的意思。相应的，前面的谓语动词要发生变化，搭配have。

3 造并列结构。

有的时候我们可能发现原题中的表述无论词语还是句型都不是很轻易的可以找出同义结构出来，那么我们可以采取并列结构，即并列两个近义词语义，或者反义词再加否定结构。

上题中的better parents than 可以改为 better or less dispensable parents than

通过上面的三个步骤，我们就可以成功的将原题的背景句改写为我们开头段的general statement。

原题：It is widely believed that mothers are by nature better parents than fathers.

改写完后：It is generally assumed that women have a ‘nurturing instinct’that somehow makes them better or less dispensable parents than fathers are.

General Statement常用句型：

With the development of science and technology, great changes have taken place in…in the past few years. (虽常用，但已被滥用，建议减少使用)

Along with the increasingly rapid _____________, more problems are brought to our attention.

The issue of whether or not __________ has been widely/ heatedly/ debated currently/recently.

When it comes to whether …, some… are strongly against it, claiming….

It is generally accepted/ It is indeed the case that most countries have seen an increase in _______ over recent years.

2Argument(争议)

Argument即为题目表述的观点的立场，不同题目的立场表述大有不同。

(1)有的题目中只有一个立场

e.g. Countries with a long average working time are more economically successful than those countries which do not have a long working time. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

在我们写的开头段，在写完general statement后，直接用One point is that…把原题的立场(countries with a long average working time are more economically successful than those countries which do not have a long working time) 同义转述即可。

值得注意的是，这个题目本身没有背景句，所以写general statement的时候，需要我们根据题目的argument进行总结。

亦或者可以general statement 和argument这两个部分合并为一个部分，

这个题目可写成：The issue of whether or not countries with a long average working hours are more successful in terms of economic development than those countries which do not have a long working time has been heatedly debated currently. As far as I am concerned, …

(2)有的题目中包含两个互相否定或者相关的立场

e.g. Some scientists think it is very soon that computers will be more intelligent than human. Some people think it is a positive development, while others think it is a negative development. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

e.g. Some people think the best way to reduce crimes is to give longer prison sentence. Others,however, think there are better alternative ways to reduce crime. Discuss and give your opinion.

这样的题目，在开头段写完general statement后，要把题目双方的立场都转述，不可减少或删除一方立场。

如 Some people think it is a positive development, while others think it is a negative development. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

可以转述为：Quite a few people claim that it has brought great benefits. On the other hand, those who think differently argue that it inevitably would has negative influence.

3Thesis Statement (总论点)

Thesis Statement简单来说就是作者对某一写作话题所持的明确观点。例如：

1 In my opinion/ As far as I am concerned/ To my mind, students should wear uniforms in school.

2 While the majority may like to live in a large family, I prefer to the small one.

在雅思写作中，文章的立场，也就是全文的总论点，主要分两种：有倾向性立场和两边支持.

有倾向性(一边倒)

有倾向性的立场一般在文章的开头即表明本文的立场，同意或者不同意，或者多大程度地同意和不同意。

在剑桥雅思的考官范文中，有一个题目涉及对教育免费的商榷：All education,primary, secondary school and further education, should be free to all people and paid for by the government. Do you agree or disagree with the statement?

考官在范文的开头段中即明确表明自己的立场：I certainly agree with the statement that this should be the case.

当然，有倾向性的立场还包含让步的观点，这种立场的文章多见于以to what extent do you agree or disagree?提问的论题。

如：Environmental problems should be solved by the government instead of individuals and private companies. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

在考官范文的开头段中，立场是这样表明的：I concede that the government should lead the efforts in addressing the environmental problems. Nevertheless, cooperation and participation from the cooperations and individual citizens are essential as well.

让步的立场并不需要纠结于在句子中回答到底agree 或者disagree没有, 清楚的说明自己的观点即可。

值得注意的是，观点有倾向性并不代表思路有局限性。在辩论中，作者既要证明自己的观点，同时也要回应对方的观点，也就是说能够站在不同的角度看同一个事情，并且能看到各自的优劣。

两边都支持

这种文章立场一般常见于discuss both view and give your opinion这种提问方式的题目。立场一般建议在结尾段点明，并且要在结尾段明确题干两者之间的关系。

怎样写好雅思大作文开头

雅思大作文立论段与让步反驳段的顺序问题

雅思大作文整体由三个部分组成：开头段——主体段——结尾段，其中主体段又分为立论段(支持自己观点的段落)与让步反驳段。这两段是两个对立面，是对于题目中的观点所产生的正反两个不同方面的看法，通常是决定大作文分数高低的关键段落，因此，里面有很多细节问题值得提醒大家注意。

例如：

1. In some countries，young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this. ( C5T2 )

在这篇经典的双边讨论题型中，考官所持的立场是支持gap year这件事，文章的布局是先写出立论段，即在主体段第一段先讨论了他支持的观点gap year这件事的advantages：

1)have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on.

2)They tend to be more independent.

然后在主体段第二段先让步讨论了gap year这件事的disadvantages：

end up never returning to their studies or finding it difficult to readapt to an academic environment，

然后在这一段紧接着列出反驳部分：

But overall, I think this is less likely today, when academic qualifications are essential for getting a reasonable job.

2. Some people believe that children’s leisure activities must be educational; otherwise they are a complete waste of time. Do you agree or disagree? (C3T1)

这道题考官所站的立场是“不同意孩子们的休闲活动也需要有教育意义”，因此整篇文章的立论段就是在论述“孩子们的休闲活动也需要有教育意义”这个观点的不正确。

让步反驳段应该是先讨论“孩子们的休闲活动也需要有教育意义”这个观点的合理性然后再来驳斥掉。

然而考官范文的顺序却是先写了：

as access to the best education and best jobs is becoming more competitive, and then it is true that children have to make the best of their study time when they are young(让步部分的观点). However, the parents who do not allow their children sufficient free time for leisure activities are misguided.(直接反驳)

然后再详细论述个人观点：孩子们的休闲活动需要玩耍。

1)It is important to remember that children need to develop skills other than intellectual ones.

2)Many children form strong personal relationships with the friends they play with, and without the opportunity to do this, they could grow up emotionally immature or unformed.

由这两篇范文可见，一般情况下，立论段和让步反驳段的顺序是灵活的，谁在前面都可以，但他们之间的对立关系始终不变。

然而，当题目中出现极端表达时，如everyday, everyone, all, only, 或否定词：do not, cannot, will not等。

2017 年 1 月 21 日=2014 年 1 月 9 日

The best way for the government to solve traffic congestion is to provide free public transport 24 hours a day 7 days a week. Do you agree or disagree?

2016 年 9 月 10 日

Many customs and the traditional ways of behavior are no longer relevant to the modern life and no worth keeping. Do you agree or disagree?

题目当中的绝对词常常是我们反驳的靶子，这个特点决定这种题型的常见回应方式是先让步后立论。

这就好比你拒绝一个不喜欢的告白对象，高情商的拒绝方法是先承认对方的好(让步部分)，然后再委婉拒绝(直接反驳)，接着再列举你们不合适的理由(立论段)，与结尾段“拒绝的意味”一脉相承，逻辑上也较为通顺，这种方法比起那些直男式的拒绝方法(直接说出你们不合适)要显得有温度得多。

Discuss题型有非常明显的对立双方，最常见的形式是some people think…while other people suggest…这种题型的写法可以是“一边倒”(只支持其中一方的观点)，也可以是“墙头草”，即对双方都表示支持或都表示反对。

在这种“墙头草两边倒”的情况下，段落之间的连接词仍用however，反驳前一段的说法就显得有失偏颇，就没有反驳部分了，因此两个主体段的位置可以互换。

e.g. (C8T1)

利弊分析/优劣势题目(advantages and disadvantages)相对比较少见，通常作者是有倾向性的，无论优势劣势，你倾向的那一段就是立论段。这个特点决定这种题型的和其他题型一样可以先让步后立论。

雅思大作文年轻人频繁换工作原因的分析

雅思大作文题目：The young people in the workforce are changing their jobs or career every few years. What do you think are the reasons? Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?

破题角度

整体分析

这篇大作文是比较少见的混合型出题形式，采取了“原因+利弊”的混合方式，所以大家在写这篇作文的时候一定要记得在主体段去回答原因以及分析利弊。缺乏任何一个部分都属于TR评分标准中的描述“addresses the task only partially”，这对应的是5分的TR，所以课上一再强调的“审题”大家每次写大作文之前一定要去做!

核心片段分析

第一部分：

年轻人换工作的原因。这里讨论的时候需要注意到限定词“年轻人”，所以跳槽的理由或者论证中如果去写“他们经验丰富”，那么就会导致失分。大家想点的时候可以从下面这两个去进行讨论：

1.谋求更高的收入

2.不断寻找自己喜欢和擅长的工作单位和领域

第二部分：

年轻人换工作的利弊

Fred认为年轻人经常换工作是一个弊大于利的事情，因此，这里好处我们写一个，坏处可以写两个。

好处：

这里注意在写好处的时候就必须跟我们原因部分的内容尽量区分开，

不能再去写“能够带来更高的收入”以及“找到适合自己的工作”，

这样避免内容上的重复。